> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.tetreum.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.tetreum.com/network/key-features/scalability.md). # Scalability Tetreum describes scalability as a result of separating smart contract execution from consensus and network propagation. ## Modular design * **Execution layer:** optimized for EVM compatibility * **Consensus layer:** lightweight PoA engine * **Storage layer:** efficient state structures using Merkle Patricia Trees ## Performance model in the source The whitepaper includes the following conceptual formula: ``` Effective Throughput = f(N, V) = O(C / (L ยท V)) ``` Where: * `N` = number of full nodes * `C` = total compute capacity * `L` = latency introduced per node * `V` = number of validators participating in consensus ## Fee behavior The source also emphasizes: * Fixed base-fee style behavior * Reduced congestion spikes * More reliable cost estimation for developers --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com. ## Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs.tetreum.com/network/key-features/scalability.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.